Saturday, July 24, 2010

Is sleep function really so important?


Despite the fact that many people think how the main function of sleep is to rest your body science still hasn't given the adequate answer of what's the most important function of the sleep. Why? Because science still do not fully understand the function of sleep, though all scientists will agree that this is very important function because not only humans but also all animals sleep.

Sleep is such a common thing that we do every night but to science sleep is one of the most complex questions because science still doesn't now the primary function of sleep, despite many past and ongoing researches.

When it comes to searching for a core purpose of the sleep some scientists believe that sleep is all about the rest, and putting your body into quiet state, and that there are no other important functions that sleep has on our bodies.

Still, majority of scientists is convinced that sleep must have some other important functions too besides the resting your body. Sleep deprivation has many negative effects, not only on human population but also on animals. Experiments with prolonged sleep deprivation has been shown to kill rats, flies and cockroaches, and humans who have a genetic insomnia can also die so there has to be more than rest.

Another interesting hypothesis is that be important for accumulating new memories, and to allow the brain to forget the unimportant impressions of the previous day, so there is more free room for more learning the next day.

But why do the animals sleep then? Do they also need to erase previous memories and learn new knowledge with each new day?

Science in our daily life

In the history of mankind, advent of Science is the greatest blessing. Science has come to relieve mankind from sufferings, ignorance and to control nature. It has been defined as a systematized body of wisdom and knowledge which can give rise to greater and greater inventions. Science has also been known as a faithful servant of man who serves all his life and as per the orders of man. Science can be harmful if we misuse it.

Science has brought about far-reaching changes in every sphere of our daily life. Now everybody can afford to avail the benefits of luxuries and comforts created by Science. Science has made goods cheap and readily available and has brought them within reach of every individual. All kinds of gadgets of music, entertainment and communication have been brought to our door with the help of Science. Surely, the life of man is very different from what it used to be few years back. Truly, Science has given ears to the deaf, eyes to the blind and limbs to the crippled.

In everyday live, we have to communicate with different friends and relatives, various official people and for general purposes. And many people to be contacted can be at very far off distances. However, time and distance both have been conquered by Science. Whether we want to communicate or travel, both are possible within seconds. For communication, we have telephones, mobiles, wireless, E-mail, VSATs and internet etc., For faster traveling, aeroplanes are being used. Railways have made journeys swift, safe and comfortable. Entire world has shrunk into a small family. Modern ships have conquered turbulent waters and are perfectly safe for traveling and transportation of goods.

Health is wealth. This has been made possible with modern machines. Science has invented ways to peep inside the human body to tackle diseases of human beings through X-ray machines. Diseases can easily be detected and various tests conducted within a matter of few seconds. Complicated operations are possible and are successful with the help of equipments and machines invented with the help of Science. Human life would get transformed into new horizons and heights of prosperity when atomic energy is fully utilized for peaceful purposes.

A big contribution of science in our daily life is electricity. Without electricity, there would have been complete darkness after evening hours and no industry could function without the power of electricity. We have been able to control the effects of weather change with electrical energy. All fans, coolers and air-conditioners in summer and all kinds of heating gadgets in winter, functions with the help of electricity. Entertainment through cinema is one of the most remarkable invention of science in our daily life. It provides us cheap and enjoyable pastime and comfort from tensions of daily life. Now each household has television and radios which are the fastest medium of mass communication made possible by Science.

Science is proving to be of great help in our daily life. The world would have come to a standstill without inventions of Science. There is shortage of space everywhere and as such, high - rise buildings are constructed both for commercial and residential purposes. Inventions of lifts working in these buildings have made life very easy. A housewife can cook tast with the help of electricity run kitchen machines. Thus she saves a lot of her cooking time and is able to devote that precious time in many other activities related to family life. The washing of clothes for her has become really an enjoyable game of few minutes. Even she need not run here and there spreading wet clothes for drying. All this is possible with the production of fully automatic washing machines.

In spite of Science as a blessing in our daily life, we remain in constant fear of mass destruction weapons invented by Science. Another disadvantage of science has been the misuse of mass media for propaganda. Sometimes information stories facts are blown out of proportion leading to tension among the masses. Much of communal tension withing the country has been the creation of media. Mass media is used by anti-social elements to spread rumours and false information. Once a story is circulated, it spreads like a forest fire, thanks to mass media. It is certainly upto mankind to utilize the benefits of Science for welfare of all or to indulge in making mass destruction weapons for miseries of future generations. Science can further be utilized to make our daily life more prosperous, comfortable and full of happiness.

Beyond Science

Have you ever seen a magic show? We all know that most of these are just gimmicks, and tricks that play on our mind. However, real magic seemingly exists. The legendary Fakir magicians can make a normal rope erect, and make a boy climb it, and then disappear. They can levitate, fly and they claim this is real magic, granted to them by their gods. Uri Geller, the world-famous person with unbelievable psychokinetic powers, is able to bend a spoon just with his mind. He can psychically charge teddy bears that help people to boost their self-healing, helping people to recover from their illnesses. Why are some coincidences so eerily uncanny? Are all these really impossible to be explained by science?

In this area, you will read about some of the most fantastic happenings that has leave scientists baffled. Like that of the legendary levitating skill, or even just using your mind to bend a spoon, all these, though seemingly simple, has yet to be able to be explained by science, and are just deemed as magic, or even, black magic. What do you think? Read through these articles and see if you can have your own conclusion.

Difference of Squares

You have all learned that

a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)

But perhaps you haven't thought about how to use this to do fast mental calculations! See if you can guess how this trick can help you do the following in your head:

43 x 37
78 x 82
36 x 24

Let's do the first one. 43 x 37 = (40 + 3)(40 - 3) = 402 - 32 = 1600 - 9 = 1591.

Practice these, and you'll be able to impress your friends!

Presentation Suggestions:
See if the class can figure out what you are about to do.

The Math Behind the Fact:
The moral of the story is if you think CREATIVELY about everything that you learn in mathematics, even the easy stuff like algebra, you will find some surprising applications! See more Fun Facts on lightning arithmetic, or check out the reference below.

How to Cite this Page:
Su, Francis E., et al. "Difference of Squares." Math Fun Facts. .

Making Magic Squares

Figure 1
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 2

A magic square is an NxN matrix in which every row, column, and diagonal add up to the same number. Ever wonder how to construct a magic square?

A silly way to make one is to put the same number in every entry of the matrix. So, let's make the problem more interesting--- let's demand that we use the consecutive numbers.

I will show you a method that works when N is odd. As an example, consider a 3x3 magic square, as in Figure 1. Start with the middle entry of the top row. Place a 1 there. Now we'll move consecutively through the other squares and place the numbers 2, 3, 4, etc. It's easy: after placing a number, just remember to always move:

    1. diagonally up and to the right when you can,
    2. down if you cannot.
The only thing you must remember is to imagine the matrix has "wrap-around", i.e., if you move off one edge of the magic square, you re-enter on the other side.

Thus in Figure 1, from the 1 you move up/right (with wraparound) to the bottom right corner to place a 2. Then you move again (with wraparound) to the middle left to place the 3. Then you cannot move up/right from here, so move down to the bottom left, and place the 4. Continue...

It's that simple. Doing so will ensure that every square gets filled!

Presentation Suggestions:
Do 3x3 and 5x5 examples, and then let students make their own magic squares by using other sets of consecutive numbers. How does the magic number change with choice of starting number? How can you modify a magic square and still leave it magic?

The Math Behind the Fact:
See if you can figure out (prove) why this procedure works. Get intuition by looking at lots of examples!

If you are ready for more, you might enjoy this variant: take a 9x9 square. You already know how to fill this with numbers 1 through 81. But let me show you another way! View the 9x9 as a 3x3 set of 3x3 blocks! Now fill the middle block of the top row with 1 through 9 as if it were its own little 3x3 magic square... then move to the bottom right block according to the rule above and fill it with 10 through 27 like a little magic square, etc. See Figure 2. When finished you'll have a very interesting 9x9 magic square (and it won't be apparent that you used any rule)!

How to Cite this Page:
Su, Francis E., et al. "Making Magic Squares." Math Fun Facts. .

Some Mathematics facts

If you multiply 111, 111, 111 with 111, 111, 111, you will get the answer 12,345,678,987,654,321.


If you add up the numbers 1 to 1, 000 consecutively, the answer will be 5050.


Among all the 2-dimensional shapes, circle has the largest area but the shortest perimeter.


Prime number is the whole number that can divided by itself and 1 only. Odd number cannot be divided by 2 exactly whereas even number can be diveded by 2 exactly.


The sum of 2 odd numbers is always an even number. For example, 3+7=10 @ 5+9=14

The sum of an odd number and an even number is always an odd number. for example, 1+2=3 @ 5+8=13

The product of the two odd number and an even number is always an even number. For example, 4×3=12

The difference of the two odd number is always an even number. For example, 5-3=2


Number Divisible by 2

All the even numbers (numbers ending with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8) are divisible by 2.

For example,

3,698÷2=1849

108,756÷2=54,378


Number Divisible by 3

All the digits in a number.

If the sum of all the digits in a number is divisible by 3, then that number is divisible by 3.

For example,

3,927 ---- (3+9+2+7)÷3=7

therefore, 3927÷3=1,309

180,954 ---- (1+8+0+9+5+4)÷3=9

Therefore, 180,952 ÷3=60318


Francesco Pellos first used decimals in 1942. He used 2.5 to represent two and one over two.


A human hair is normally 0.008cm thick.


The thickness of a sheet of paper is normally 0.012cm.


The Chinese used the idea of negative numbers as early as 200BC and the Indians used it as early as the 7th century. Negative numbers were regarded as impossible numbers in Europe until the 17th century.


Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi, a well-known Arabian mathematician in the 9th century, was conferred the title 'Father of Algebra'. He had written a book on algebra entitled 'al-jabr wa'l-Muqabalah'.


Here are a few amazing prime numbers, these prime numbers were proved by the XVIIIth century.


31

331

3331

33331

333331

3333331

33333331

333333331


The next number 333333331 is not a prime number. Whereas it is multipled by 17x19607843.


To multiply by a 2-digit number add the two digits and place the sum between.

For example, 234x11=2574